TRANSFORMATION OF LINGUISTIC THEORY FROM CLASSICAL TO MODERN: SEMANTIC STUDIES, DALALAH SCIENCE, AND MUFRADAT

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the development of modern linguistic theory through a literature study approach by reviewing the relationship between semantics, ilmu dalalah, and mufradat in Western and Arabic linguistic traditions. This study is motivated by the development of linguistics that does not only focus on language structure, but also includes meaning, function, cognition, and socio-cultural context. The method used is a literature study by examining various primary and secondary sources relevant to the development of linguistic theory from classical to contemporary times. The results of the study show that modern linguistic theory has undergone a transformation from a philosophical approach to a more systematic and multidisciplinary scientific approach. In the Western tradition, the development of linguistics is marked by the contributions of figures such as Ferdinand de Saussure, Noam Chomsky, Leonard Bloomfield, and Michael Halliday. Meanwhile, in the Arabic tradition, ilmu dalalah developed through classical figures such as Abu Al-Aswad Ad-Du'ali, Sibawaih, and Al-Jurjani, as well as modern figures such as Ibrahim Anis and Tammam Hassan. In addition, the study of mufradat shows that vocabulary is closely related to grammatical structure and the context of meaning, and has experienced developments due to globalization and technology. In conclusion, modern linguistics is an integration of various approaches encompassing structural, semantic, functional, and cognitive aspects, enriched by the Arabic linguistic tradition. Modern linguistics studies not only the structure of language but also its meaning and use in social and cultural contexts.